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LFA Journal Club

The Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics (LFA, in Portuguese) of the University of Sao Paulo (IF-USP) organizes weekly seminars about atmospheric physics. Topics cover a wide range, including aerosol chemistry, clouds, air pollution, climate change, remote sensing from ground or space, etc. It is organized as a Journal Club, i.e., each week one student or postdoc will discuss a seminal paper. Eventually, when we have a visiting scientist, we fall back to the traditional seminar style.

Presentations are transmitted online using Google Meet: http://meet.google.com/gtp-dhqv-rjw

If you want to receive the announcement emails, subscribe here: https://groups.google.com/d/forum/lfa-jc

Upcoming

  • PhD Micael Cecchini (IAG-USP)
    • Thursday, 4/Junho, 3pm, Online only
    • Title: Studying the sensitivities involved in radar retrievals and simulations of hail size distributions
    • Abstract: Hail-producing thunderstorms are among the most damaging severe weather hazards. In the US, hail currently produces ten billion dollars of losses annually to the public and insurance companies. However, the retrieval of hail characteristics by remote sensing and their simulations in numerical models is challenging, due in large part to shape complexity and variable density of individual hailstones. In this study, we combine 3D scans of individual hailstones to measurements of their particle size distribution (PSD) to understand the parameters that control radar retrievals and simulations of hail. Specific parameters analyzed are backscatter cross sections, density, the PSD shape parameter μ and coefficients of the mass-size and terminal velocity-size relations. It is found that the determination of the hail cross section and density are of primary importance to retrieve the radar reflectivity Z, differential reflectivity Zdr and kinetic energy KE. Despite having a secondary role, the assumed PSD characteristics also impose significant uncertainties. Two-moment bulk microphysics usually assume a fixed μ, which alone can cause errors up to 5% and 90% in Z and KE, respectively. For Zdr, the PSD properties proved to have a limited impact. Interestingly, we found that two-moment schemes have a specialized nature, in which only a few variables can be optimally represented at the same time. For instance, high values of μ combined with a low exponent in the mass-size relation produced the best results for Z and the KE of small hail when compared to our benchmark. However, low values of μ together with a low exponent in the terminal velocity-size relation better represented Zdr and the KE of large hail. Therefore, depending on the objectives of the analysis, the model configuration should be adjusted for optimal results".

Previous

  • PhD Candidate Alex Araujo (IF-USP)
    • Thursday, 7/May, 3pm, Online only
    • Title: Machine Learning and Causality in Studies of Biosphere-Climate Interactions in South America.
  • Phd Candidate candidate Nico Wunderling (PIK, Potsdam, Germany) -> Download PDF
    • Friday, 7/Feb/2020, 3pm, BJF room 105
    • Title: The Amazon rainforest as a tipping element: Network approaches to environmental transformations
    • Abstract: There exists a range of subsystems in the climate system exhibiting threshold behavior which could be triggered under global warming within this century resulting in severe consequences for biosphere and human societies. Among these tipping elements are the continental ice sheets on Greenland and Antarctica, circulation patterns and biosphere components such as the Amazon rainforest. But oftentimes, the individual tipping elements are not isolated systems, but interact on a larger scale via complex dynamics. Here I will introduce the modelling framework “pycascades” which simulates tipping elements on complex networks as linearly coupled systems of ordinary differential equations. In this work in progress talk, I apply our framework to the Amazon rainforest and examine regions where tipping and domino effects are important. With that the aim is to explore the vulnerability landscape of the Amazon rainforest with respect to recent, potentially climate change induced, droughts.
  • Phd Candidate Djacinto Junior (IFUSP) -> Download PDF
  • MSc Candidate Bruno Backes Meller (IFUSP) -> Download PDF
  • MSc. Amanda Santos (IPEN) -> Download PDF
    • Friday, 29/Nov/2019, 3pm, BJF room 105
    • Title: Investigating the diurnal cycle of clouds and the vertical distribution of the Manaus pollution plume in the central Amazon region with a ceilometer
  • MSc. Matheus Tollentino (IFUSP) -> Download PDF
    • Friday, 29/Nov/2019, 3pm, BJF room 105
    • Title: Thermodynamic indices during the GoAmazon2014/5 campaign and comparison with ERA-Interim reanalysis data
  • Phd candidate Djacinto Santos Júnior (LFA, IFUSP) -> Download PDF
    • Friday, 22/Nov/2019, 3pm, BJF room 105
    • Paper: Hodshire et al., 2019: Aging Effects on Biomass Burning Aerosol Mass and Composition: A Critical Review of Field and Laboratory Studies. Environmental Science & Technology 2019 53 (17), 10007-10022
    • Link: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.est.9b02588
  • Dr. Milena Ponczek (IFUSP) -> Download PDF
    • Friday, 1/Nov/2019, 3pm, BJF room 105
    • Title: Proton-transfer reaction mass spectrometry applications in Isoprene photochemistry
    • Paper: Liu et al., PNAS 2016: Isoprene photochemistry over the Amazon rainforest
    • Link: https://www.pnas.org/content/113/22/6125
  • Phd candidate Fernando Morais (IFUSP) -> Download PDF
    • Friday, 25/Oct/2019, 3pm, BJF room 105
    • Title: Absorption properties of Brown Carbon and Black Carbon using remote sensing and in situ measurements in Amazonia.
  • Prof. Henrique Barbosa (LFA, IFUSP) -> Download PDF
    • Wednesday, 29/May/2019, 4pm, BJF room 105
    • Title: Computer resources LFA-IF-USP
  • Phd candidate André César (LFA, IFUSP) -> Download PDF
  • Dra. Elisa Sena (UNIFESP) -> Download PDF
  • Dra. Marina Cruz (IFUSP)
  • MSc candidate Francisco Alcinei (CLIAMB-UEA) -> Download PDF
    • Wednesday, 10/Apr/2019, 4pm, BJF room 105
    • Paper: Caneiro, R. G. et al. Estudo do ciclo diário da Camada Limite Planetária durante a estação chuvosa da Amazônia (GOAmazon 2014/15). Ciência e Natura, [S.l.], p. 63-68, mar. 2018. ISSN 2179-460X.
    • Link: https://periodicos.ufsm.br/cienciaenatura/article/view/30650
  • Dra. Milena Ponczek (LFA, IFUSP) -> Download PDF
    • Wednesday, 3/Apr/2019, 4pm, BJF room 105
    • Title: Understanding Atmospheric Mineral Dust Photochemistry
    • Abstract: Minerals that absorb light near UV/Vis wavelengths (such as TiO2, Fe2O3) present in dust aerosols interact with trace gases also present in the atmosphere and can initiate a new and potentially significant photo-induced heterogeneous chemistry, which is currently poorly documented. In this talk, we are going to address different issues of mineral dust reactivity towards organic compounds assessing the impact of these interactions on several aspects of atmospheric and environmental sciences. We will present some interesting results from a thorough experimental investigation about physicochemical interactions of mineral aerosols (synthetic and natural), pure or coated with organic/inorganic compounds with trace gases from several chemical families (alcohols, ketones, carboxylic acids, etc.), under simulated atmospheric conditions. We investigated, for instance: the uptake of oxygenated organic compounds onto different dust proxies such as SiO2, TiO2 and Arizona test dust (ATD); and the chemical reactivity of dicarboxylic acids on Arizona test dust particles monitoring products in the gas phase as well as those that stay adsorbed on the particulate phase. Overall, our results clearly show that photochemical processing of dust aerosols should be considered as a source of reactive compounds, and as a key process affecting their action as ice nucleation and cloud condensation nuclei.
  • Phd candidate André Burguer (LFA, IFUSP) -> Download PDF
  • * MSc candidate Bruno Backes Meller (LFA, IFUSP) -> Download PDF
  • Phd candidate Marie Brunel (PIK, Potsdam, Germany) -> Download PDF
    • Thursday, 20/Sep/2018, 4pm, BJF room 105
    • Title: Human-caused fire in Brazilian Grassland
    • Abstract: Fire is used for deforestation of the Amazon rainforest and is expected to decline with decreasing forest loss since 2005 but maintenance fires on cropland and pasture still endanger the rainforest. Purposes and practices of human-caused grassland fires differ across regions and pasture type (natural or planted). The implementation of the fire management method in the global vegetation model LPJmL will allow a better understanding of impacts on soil, landuse change and climate.
  • Phd candidate Nico Wunderling (PIK, Potsdam, Germany) -> Download PDF
    • Tuesday, 11/Sep/2018, 2pm, BJF room 105
    • Title: Additional global warming caused by crossing critical thresholds within the Earth's cryosphere
    • Abstract: Several large-scale elements of the cryosphere have been associated with positive feedbacks that can lead to their partial or full disintegration once a global mean temperature threshold of 1.5 to 2°C is crossed. The qualitative change to the climate system posed by the decline of these cryosphere components is expected to induce feedbacks acting on the global climate. In this talk, I will show the quantification of the first-order mean field response of the climate system to the disintegration of these cryosphere elements using the Earth system model of intermediate complexity CLIMBER-2. On top, I will also show the contribution of the main drivers responsible for the additional global warming. These drivers are the albedo, the water vapor, the lapse rate and the clouds feedback.
  • Phd Juan Guerrero Rascado (Universidad de Granada, Spain) -> Download PDF
    • Wednesday, 17/Aug/2018, 11am, BJF room 105
    • Title: Past, present and future of the research performed by the Atmospheric Physics Group of the University of Granada
    • Abstract: In this talk the different research lines of the Atmospheric Physics Group (University of Granada, Spain) will be presented covering studies on radiation, aerosols and clouds. A variety of techniques have been used by this group along the years and here we will focus on remote sensing from ground, particularly on lidar technique (light detection and ranging), and some of their applications. The near future opportunities will be also discussed.
  • Dr. Vanderlei Martins (UMBC, JCET, NASA) -> Download PDF
    • Wednesday, 11/Jul/2018, 11am, BJF room 105
    • Title: The Harp Hyperangular Imaging Polarimeter And The Need For Small Satellite Payloads With High Science Payoff For Earth Science Remote Sensing
    • Abstract: The largest uncertainties on estimating climate change revolve around the lack of quantitative information on aerosol and cloud microphysical properties, which limits our understanding of cloud-aerosol interaction processes and cloud feedbacks in the climate system. Part of this limitation comes from the small number of global satellite sensors which in turn only measures a restricted subset of aerosol and cloud microphysical properties. Enabling small satellites to perform high quality cloud and aerosol microphysical measurements is an important pathway to resolve this puzzle. The reduced cost of small satellites can enable the use of multiple platforms or even constellations to increase spatial and temporal coverage for the required measurements. The HARP (HyperAngular Rainbow Polarimeter) is a 3U CubeSat sensor designed for the measurement of aerosol, clouds and surface properties with a wide FOV that enables nearly global coverage from multiple wavelengths and tens of different along track viewing angles. The technology developed for HARP allows for all these characteristics to be packaged within the envelope of a CubeSat sensor while preserving strict science requirements.
  • Phd Paola Bueno (IAG - USP) -> Download PDF
    • Wednesday, 4/Jul/2018, 11am, BJF room 105
    • Title: Sistemas meteorológicos atuantes durante o experimento GOAmazon e impactos no conjunto de dados coletados
    • Dissertação: Download PDF
  • Phd candidate Janaina Nascimento (UEA, INPA, Manaus) -> Download PDF
    • Wednesday, 13/Jun/2018, 11am, BJF room 105
    • Title: Formation, transport and impact of organic aerosols in the Amazon: a study with the WRF-Chem model
    • Abstract': O experimento GoAmazon 2014/15 teve como um de seus objetivos o estudo da interação entre emissões biogênicas naturais e as emissões associadas com a área urbana de Manaus. Em particular, a formação de Secondary Organic Aerosol (SOA) têm impactos importantes no clima da região, já que 70 a 80% da massa do aerossol amazônico na fração fina consiste em SOA. Este aerossol impacta o balanço de radiação, afeta a fotossíntese e consiste na maior parte dos Condensation Cloud Nuclei (CCN) entre outros efeitos. As emissões de NOx e SOx de Manaus afetam fortemente os mecanismos de formação de SOA quando interagem com isopreno e outros Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) emitidos pela floresta. O entendimento dos complexos mecanismos de formação de SOA é chave para quantificar aerossóis em áreas florestadas, como o Sul dos Estados Unidos, florestas boreais e na Amazônia.
  • Phd candidate Andre da Silva (LFA, IFUSP) -> Download PDF
  • Phd candidate Alex Araujo (LFA, IFUSP) -> Download PDF
  • Dr. Henrique Barbosa (LFA, IFUSP) -> Download PDF
  • Phd candidate Marco Franco (LFA, IFUSP) -> Download PDF
    • Wednesday, 2/May/2018, 11am, BJF room 105
    • Paper: Rizzo et al., ACPD 2018: Multi-year statistical and modelling analysis of submicrometer aerosol number size distributions at a rain forest site in Amazonia
    • LINK: https://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/acp-2018-55/
  • Dr. Paulo Artaxo (LFA, IFUSP) -> Download PDF
    • Wednesday, 25/Apr/2018, 11am, BJF room 105
    • Title: Secondary aerosol production: historical perspective and recent advances.
    • Abstract: In this talk, I will discuss recent advances on our understanding about secondary aerosol production, especially those discussing how it happens over a tropical rain forest, based on results from the recent GoAmazon experiment. I will also discuss why the scientific community had to start looking into SOA production in the atmosphere 15yr ago, and what we have accomplished so far.
  • Phd candidate Djacinto Santos (LFA, IFUSP) Download -> PDF
  • Phd candidate Alex S. A. Araujo (LFA, IFUSP) Download -> PDF
  • Dr. Theotonio Pauliquevis (UNIFESP, IAG-USP)] Download -> PDF
  • Phd. Igor Veselovskii (Physics Instrumentation Center, Russia -- UMBC JCET, USA) Download -> PDF
    • Wednesday, 28/Mar/2018, 11am, BJF room 105
    • Paper: Veselovskii et al., AMT 2018: Characterization of smoke and dust episode over West Africa: comparison of MERRA-2 modeling with multiwavelength Mie–Raman lidar observations
    • LINK: https://www.atmos-meas-tech.net/11/949/2018/ BIFUSP
  • Dr. Fernando dos Santos (LFA, IF-USP) Download -> PDF
    • Wednesday, 21/Mar/2018, 11am, BJF room 105
    • Title: Biomass burning and natural emissions in the brazilian Amazon rainforest: impact on the oxidative capacity of the atmosphere
    • Abstract (in portuguese): Emitido pela vegetação, o isopreno (2-metil-1,3-butadieno) é o hidrocarboneto não- metânico mais abundante, com uma emissão global anual calculada entre 440 e 660Tg de carbono, dependendo de variáveis como temperatura, radiação solar, índice de área foliar e tipo funcional da planta. Estima-se, por exemplo, que os compostos naturais como isopreno e terpenos presentes na troposfera são cerca de 90% e 50%, respectivamente, removidos da atmosfera por oxidação realizada por radical hidroxila (OH). Além disso, os produtos de oxidação do isopreno podem contribuir para a formação de aerossóis orgânicos secundários (AOS), afetando o clima e alterando as propriedades e o ciclo hidrológico das nuvens. Considerando a importância dessas emissões e a reação do radical hidroxila na atmosfera, o experimento SAMBBA (do inglês, South American Biomass Burning Analysis), que ocorreu durante a estação seca (setembro de 2012) na Floresta Amazônica, forneceu informações sobre a composição química da atmosfera através de observações aéreas. Embora focado principalmente nos voos ocorridos durante a queima de biomassa, o projeto SAMBBA realizou outros voos que forneceram dados indiretos de capacidade oxidativa em diferentes ambientes: voos dominados por emissão natural e voos com queima de biomassa com plumas frescas e envelhecidas. Neste estudo, avaliamos a capacidade oxidativa da floresta amazônica em diferentes ambientes, tanto para a atmosfera não poluída quanto para atmosfera perturbada pela queima de biomassa usando a razão [MVK + MACR] / [Isoprene]. Além disso, propomos uma melhoria na formulação do cálculo da densidade indireta de OH, usando o envelhecimento fotoquímico [O3] / [CO] como parâmetro. Usando uma abordagem sinérgica, balanceando modelagem numérica e observações diretas, o modelo numérico BRAMS foi acoplado ao modelo de emissão MEGAN para obter um melhor resultado para isopreno e OH na atmosfera, representando as observações durante a campanha do SAMBBA. Em relação à estimativa de OH, observamos uma melhora nos valores de concentração usando o modelo de reação sequencial modificada, tanto para os regimes de queima de biomassa quanto para região pristina. Os resultados do modelo mostraram uma melhora significativa para o isopreno, embora necessária mais investigação para a simulação de OH.
  • Msc. Amanda Rehbein (IAG, USP), Room 105, BJF IF-USP, 9/Dec/2016, 4pm
  • Msc candidate Victor Dias (LFA, IFUSP), Room 105, BJF IF-USP, 11/Nov/2016, 2pm
  • Phd candidate Catrin Ciemer (PIK, Potsdam), Room 105, BJF IF-USP, 4/Nov/2016, 2pm
  • Phd candidate Carlos Eduardo Souto-Oliveira (IAG-USP), Room 105, BJF IF-USP, 23/Sep/2016, 4pm
    • Paper: Souto-Oliveira et al., ACP, 2016: Effect of local and remote sources and new particle formation events on the activation properties of cloud condensation nuclei in the Brazilian megacity of São Paulo
    • Link: http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/acp-2016-241
  • Msc candidate Carlos dos Santos (UNIFESP), Room 105, BJF IF-USP, 2/Sep/2016, 4pm
  • Msc candidate Alex Araujo (LFA, IFUSP), Room 105, BJF IF-USP, 22/Aug/2016, 4pm
  • Phd candidate Niklas Boers (PIK, Germany), Room 105, BJF IF-USP, 16/Aug/2013, 4pm
  • Phd candidate Patricia Ferrini (CLA, IFUSP), Room 105, BJF IF-USP, 5/Abr/2013, 11am
    • Title: A Study Study of Aerosol Hygroscopicity Using LIDAR
    • Abstract (in portuguese): Porque a cobertura de nuvens e a distribuição de aerossóis são dois importantes fatores que desempenham importante papel na quantidade de energia solar que atinge a atmosfera e a superfície do planeta, há bastante interesse atualmente em compreender os efeitos da interação dos aerossóis com as nuvens, principalmente no que se refere à sua capacidade de absorção de água funcionado como CCN (cloud condensation nucei). Essa capacidade, conhecida como higroscopicidade, já foi bastante estudada na literatura usando câmaras que controlam a quantidade de vapor de água disponível e também o espalhamento dessas partículas em função da umidade relativa. O estudo dessas partículas em seu ambiente natural é de bastante interesse, e para isso o LIDAR tem se mostrado muito útil, já que é possível medir o retroespalhamento em condições bem próximas da saturação. Neste trabalho, discute-se a higroscopicidade de aerossóis para dados obtidos com dois LIDARes Raman, um deles pertencente à Howard University (Washington – D.C. e outro pertencente ao CLA-IPEN. Discute-se a curva de crescimento por higroscopicidade obtida para quatro dias de análise dos dados obtidos em DC e também a concentração de vapor de água na atmosfera pela primeira vez obtida com o novo sistema Raman do CLA-IPEN.
  • Dr. Igor Veselovskii (PIC, TROITSK, Russia), Room 105, BJF IF-USP, 28/Fev/2013, 11am -> DOWNLOAD PDF
    • Title: Inversion of multiwavelength lidar measurements to the particle physical properties: expectations and challenges
    • Abstract: Multiwavelength Raman and HSRL aerosol lidars are recognized as powerful tools for aerosol characterization. The height resolved spectra of particle backscattering, extinction and depolarization provided by such lidars are important for Earth radiation budget studies and can also be used for aerosol classification. But even more attractive is the possibility of inverting lidar measurements to height profiles of particle physical properties, such as size, concentration and complex refractive index. During the last decade numerous theoretical and experimental studies have been performed attempting to realize such inversions and the results obtained look rather promising. However, before applying multiwavelength technology to regular aerosol observations, numerous issues should be resolved. First of all, the number of lidar measurements is very limited, typically only three backscattering and two extinction measurements are available. Thus the inverse problem is underdetermined and the family of solutions obtained using different initial guesses about particle complex refractive index and inversion interval should be considered. Second, the particles may be of irregular shape, the complex refractive index may be spectrally dependent and the aerosols may be represented by external or internal mixtures. And finally, the retrieval algorithm should be fast to manage large volumes of data. This talk is intended to analyze the uncertainties arising from the factors mentioned above, to present different approaches for inversion of lidar measurements and to apply these algorithms to long-term lidar observations. Retrieved time series of particle physical parameters are compared with column integrated values provided by AERONET. The results of the application of an algorithm based on a model of randomly oriented spheroids to the inversion of multi-wavelength lidar dust measurements will be also discussed.
  • Msc. Renata da Costa(CLA, IPEN), Room 105, BJF IF-USP, 24/Jan/2013, 11am -> DOWNLOAD PDF
    • Title: Laser remote sensing of aerosols and trace gases in an oil refinary
    • Abstract (in portuguese): A maior motivação deste projeto é criar uma metodologia capaz de monitorar de forma quantitativa e qualitativa, e em tempo real, as emissões de material particulado provenientes das chaminés das refinarias de petróleo utilizando e aperfeiçoando técnicas de sensoriamento remoto ativo, tais como a técnica LIDAR. A aplicação dessas técnicas possibilitará a implementação de sistemas de monitoração de emissões tanto em fontes emissoras específicas, como em regiões selecionadas para estudos de geração e dispersão de poluentes que afetam a qualidade do ar. Uma vez desenvolvida e validada, a metodologia também poderá ser utilizada em re finarias de petróleo, integrada ao sistema de instrumentação e controle, possibilitando a detecção de falhas e oscilações na operação da unidade industrial a partir da medida direta de emissões atmosféricas.
  • Dra. Eliane Larroza (CLA, IPEN), Room 105, BJF IF-USP, 13/Dec/2012, 2pm -> DOWNLOAD PDF
    • Title: Characterization of cirrus in the metropolitan region of Sao Paulo using a backscatter Lidar (MSP/Lidar).
    • Abstract (in portuguese): Este trabalho, sendo pioneiro no Brasil, teve o intuito de efetuar uma investigação das nuvens cirrus na região Metropolitana de São Paulo (23,33ºS / 46,44ºW), SP, através do sistema MSP-Lidar para o período de Junho à Julho de 2007. Durante este período, foi verificada uma ocorrência de cirrus de aproximadamente 54% sobre o total de medidas efetuadas pelo sistema Lidar. Medidas com Lidar nos forneceram uma alta resolução espacial e temporal destas nuvens, permitindo assim caracterizá-las e classificá-las de acordo com as suas propriedades ópticas (profundidade óptica e razão de Lidar) e macrofísicas (altitudes, temperaturas, espessuras geométricas). Para obter tais parâmetros, uma metodologia própria foi desenvolvida na recuperação dos dados de Lidar (desenvolvida pelo CLA/IPEN em cooperação com o instituto LATMOS/IPSL, França) e uma robusta estatística foi aplicada para determinar as diferentes classes de cirrus.
  • Phd candidate Niklas Boers (PIK, Germany), Room 105, BJF IF-USP, 7/Dec/2012, 11am
  • Dr. Boris Barja (Camaguey, Cuba), Room 105, BJF IF-USP, 21/Nov/2012, 11am -> DOWNLOAD PDF
    • Title: Stufy of the cirrus characteristics over Camaguey-Cuba and their effects on solar radiation
    • Abstract (in spanish): Se explica la obtención y estudio de las caracteristicas de las nubes cirros opticamente delgadas con lidar durante el periodo 1993-1998, en Camaguey, Cuba. Las propiedades geométricas (altura de la base y tope) y propiedades ópticas (coeficiente de extinción y espesor óptico) son analizadas a partir de datos de lidar y de instrumento a bordo de satelite, SAGE II. El efecto de las nubes cirros opticamente delgadas sobre la radiación solar es analizado empleando mediciones lidar y modelo de radiación solar. Para el estudio del efecto se emplea el forzamiento radiativo de nubes cirros en el espectro solar.
  • Dr. Juan Luis Guerrero Rascado (Granada, Espanha), Seminar room - CLA IPEN, 9/Nov/2012, 11am
    • Title: Lidar activities at the University of Granada (Spain) in the framework of EARLINET
    • Abstract (in spanish): A presente palestra será sobre a operação continua de sistemas LIDAR na Universidade de Granada (Espanha). Estes sistemas filiados à rede EARLINET desde 2005 buscam estipular quantitativa e qualitativemente as propriedades dos aerossóis atmosféricos, bem como sua distribuição geográfica em solo europeu em concomitância com as outras quase 30 estações da Europa. A estação de Granada sera detalhada neste seminário e os resultados mais significativos serao explorados, a exemplo das intrusões de poeira desértica do Sahara e cinzas vulcânicas, enfatizando sua influência na qualidade do ar. Serão abordados também aspectos da dinâmica da camada limite planetária detectada por LIDAR.
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